Heterotrophic Planktonic Microbes: Virus, Bacteria, Archaea, and
Protozoa
Jed
A. Fuhrman & David A. Caron, University of Southern California, CA, USA.
3.1.1
Microbial ecology
into the 1970s
3.1.2
The microbial
loop revolution. {BOX 1 “bacterial” biomass and production: definitions and
approaches}}
3.1.3
Geographic and
temporal distributions of microbial biomass and activity {BOX 2 The changing
and complex world of protistan phylogeny}
3.2. Biodiversity: influence
of molecular tools
3.2.1 Bacteria and Archaea
3.2.1.1 “Culturable”
cells.
3.2.1.2 “Nonculturables.” {BOX3 Molec Phyogeny and Field Methods}
3.2.1.2.1. SAR11 and
picophytoplankton
3.2.1.2.2 Archaea
3.2.1.2.3 . Other rRNA clone
types
3.2.1
Gene diversity,
without cultivation
3.2.1.2.4. Dilution Culture
3.2.2
Protozoa
3.2.2.1
Morphological vs.
molecular identification and diversity of protists
3.2.2.2
Life histories
and ecological strategies of protozoa
3.2.3 Viruses –
3.2.3.1 Viruses and diversity.
3.2.3.2. Viruses and the
Microbial Loop
3.3. Major environmental
controls
3.3.1 Temperature and Pressure
3.3.2 Dissolved and Particulate Organic
Matter
3.3.3 Inorganic nutrients
3.3.3.1 Macronutrients (N,P).
3.3.3.2 Micronutrients (trace
metals, growth factors).
3.3.4
Oxygen
3.4. Major biotic controls
3.4.1 Predation and top-down controls
3.4.1.1 The trophic
activities of protozoa BOX #4: Measuring protozoan trophic activity
3.4.1.2 Bacterial predation
3.4.2 Competition, Alleopathy and Symbiosis
(mutualism, parasitism, commensalisms)
3.5. Community budget: production and losses among
microorganisms
3.5.1 Growth efficiency.
3.5.2 Balance between growth and removal
3.5.3 The microbial loop
revisited.
3.6
Export to other trophic compartments and toward deep waters
3.6.1
The Link-Sink Debate
3.6.2 Sinking
of ‘microbial carbon’ {AND the MICROBIAL CARBON PUMP?}
3.6 Theoretical considerations and Future Trends
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